Sovereign Nation Sioux 1971 Medal + Book "The Sioux People" by J.H. Cash

Description: 1) Sovereign Nation Sioux 1971 Medal, Round, Rosebud, Maza-Ska .999 Silver - BK193. Bright, Uncirculated.2) Like new book: "The Sioux People" by Joseph H. Cash (Associate Professor of History at the University of South Dakota), INDIAN TRIBAL SERIES, Signed by Webster Two Hawk, Sioux Tribal Chairman. Copyright 1971, # 8103 (limited to 15,000 copies), Published by Indian Tribal Series, Phoenix. 106 pages, 5 1/2" x 9" softcover. Free USPS priority shipping.Background Information: The Treaty of Fort Laramie (also the Sioux Treaty of 1868) is an agreement between the United States and the Oglala, Miniconjou, and Brulé bands of Lakota people, Yanktona Dakota and Arapaho Nation, following the failure of the first Fort Laramie treaty, signed in 1851. The treaty is divided into 17 articles. It established the Great Sioux Reservation including ownership of the Black Hills, and set aside additional lands as "unceded Indian territory" in areas of South Dakota, Wyoming, and Nebraska, and possibly Montana. It established that the US government would hold authority to punish not only white settlers who committed crimes against the tribes, but also tribe members who committed crimes and who were to be delivered to the government rather than face charges in tribal courts. It stipulated that the government would abandon forts along the Bozeman Trail, and included a number of provisions designed to encourage a transition to farming, and move the tribes "closer to the white man's way of life." The treaty protected specified rights of third parties not partaking in the negotiations, and effectively ended Red Cloud's War. This provision did not include the Ponca who were not a party to this treaty and therefore had no opportunity to object when the American treaty negotiators “inadvertently” broke a separate treaty with the Ponca by unlawfully selling the entirety of the Ponca Reservation to the Lakota pursuant to Article II of this treaty. The United States never intervened to return the Ponca land. Instead, the Lakota claimed the Ponca land as their own and set about attacking and demanding tribute from the Ponca until 1876 when President Ulysses S. Grant chose to resolve the situation by unilaterally ordering the Ponca removed to the Indian Territory. The removal, known as the Ponca Trail of Tears, was carried out by force the following year and resulted in over 200 deaths. The treaty was negotiated by members of the government-appointed Indian Peace Commission, and signed between April and November 1868 at and near Fort Laramie in the Wyoming Territory, with the final signatories being Red Cloud himself and others who accompanied him. Animosities over the agreement arose quickly, with neither side fully honoring the terms. Open war again broke out in 1876, and the US government unilaterally annexed native land protected under the treaty in 1877.The treaty formed the basis of the 1980 Supreme Court case, United States v. Sioux Nation of Indians, in which the court ruled that tribal lands covered under the treaty had been taken illegally by the US government, and the tribe was owed compensation plus interest. As of 2018 this amounted to more than $1 billion. The Sioux have refused the payment, demanding instead the return of their land.As a collector of all things Indian, they represent to me, artifacts of the United States Government's early, historical, continuing, shameful, efforts of broken treaties and genocide of the Native American Indians.

Price: 45 USD

Location: Thousand Oaks, California

End Time: 2025-01-11T21:06:53.000Z

Shipping Cost: 0 USD