Description: As per the RBI, the first documented coinage started with ‘Punch Marked’ coins issued between the 7th-6th century BCE and the 1st century AD. The technique of minting these coins gave them their name ‘Punch Marked’. These coins were mostly minted using silver and wore symbols. Initially, these coins were issued by merchant groups or guilds, and later by states. They represented intensive trade and urban development. So much so that some of the dynastic history reconstruction is solely based on the coinage found from the period.The coinage is broadly classified into two periods: The first period during the Janapadas or small local states and the second period during the Mauryan Empire.They were imprinted with motifs of the sun, various animal motifs, trees, and hills. Some had geometrical motifs as well.The Buddhist texts and Ashtadhyayi authored by Panini mention kahapana/karshapana, nikkha/nishka, shatamana, pada, vimshatika, trinshatika, and suvanna/suvarna.It must be noted that the basic unit of the weight of the Indian coins was a seed of gunja berry (Abrus precatorius) and in south India, the standard weight of the coins was fixed by evaluating the weight of two kinds of beans – manjadi (Odenthera pavonia) and Kalanju (Caesalpinia bonduc).The Punch Marked coins generally weighed 32 rattis or 52 grains of which 1 grain usually weighed 64.8 mg.They were popular till the first century CE, i.e. around 700-800 years. These Punch Marked coins gradually evolved into four types: The Taxila-Gandhara type, the Kosala type, the Avanti type, and the Magadhan type.The Magadhan Empire rose to prominence and its type of coins replace all other types.During the Mauryas, two types of metals – silver and copper – were used to mint coins with royal impressio Re.6f Condition of the Item. Pictures of the Coins are taken under the bright LED light so some coins are more illuminated than the actual look of the coins. Also it may be impossible to show ALL the wear and tear, scratches and actual condition of the coins in the pictures. Pictures are the just closer representation of the actual look of the coins. Some Coins look more brown or darker than they appear in pictures especially pictures of Copper, Bronze coins . Most of the pictures are englarged 20 to 50 times of actual size of the coin. When you recived the coin, you may not be able to see all the details with naked eyes. Please use magnigying glasses to examine the details of the items I have tried my best to explain the condition of the coins that are not certified . And all the descriptions and the condition of the coin, it is fully based on my opinion. I do not clean any of my coins, and I do not have time and enough resources to clean professionally. Most of the old coins that you buy may have passed through several hands over the years. So there is a chance many of the old coins may have got cleaned by old collectors, because the less aware about the importance of not cleaning coins. So some of the coins listed may be cleaned by previously owners , of its long history. All I can answer whether coin was cleaned or not based on my understanding on what I see. If I mention anything about the condition of any non-graded coin, is just my opinion only. If you have any questions, please ask me before buy Actual items are smaller than picture, most of the details are much smaller than the details you can see in pictures. Upon reciept of the item, please have a close examination of details with magnifying glasses. The original item may slightly vary on its look from the picture, based on camera set up and contrast . The pictures are taken under bright LED light or day light in a reflection angle to have detailed visibility of every small details of the coin. But some pictures may not show all the details. Since actual size of the coins are many times smaller than the pictures, you may have to inspect the coins under day light/sunlight with magnifying glasses to see all the details clearly. I will be more than happy to assist you to get more pictures if you needed more. Thanks I offer multiple options for shipping of your choice. I accept returns and will give full refund upon return of the item. . If you have any concerns after you recieve your item, please email me first before leaving any negative remark. I will be gladly correct and do my best to make it better experience for doing business with me. For any reason if you are not satisfied with the purchase from my store, please simply send me a message and return the item. I will give full refund including shipping and handling charges without any question. All Domestic return is paid by the seller. Most of the items with "Buy It Now" formats are are priced with very competitive Price. Some items are priced lower than the actual value. So I am forced to make changes on those price after certain period because of the appreciation of the item in market value.
Price: 42.39 USD
Location: Evansville, Indiana
End Time: 2024-03-15T23:46:03.000Z
Shipping Cost: 1.25 USD
Product Images
Item Specifics
Return shipping will be paid by: Seller
All returns accepted: Returns Accepted
Item must be returned within: 14 Days
Refund will be given as: Money Back
Return policy details:
Provenance: Ownership History Not Available
Era: Ancient
