Ancient Coin Judaea HEROD ARCHELAUS Galley Bronze Half Prutah Jerusalem 4BC-6AD

Description: . style="text-decoration:none" href="https://emporium.auctiva.com/timelessthing" target="_blank">. href="https://emporium.auctiva.com/timelessthing" target="_blank">timelessthing Store . href="https://www.auctiva.com/?how=scLnk0" target="_blank"> Ancient CoinJUDAEA HEROD II ARCHELAUS Ethnarch of Judaea 4BC-6AD Half PrutahBronze Obv: H-P-WProw of galley left Rev: E-F-NLegend within wreath Jerusalem Mint 13.00 mm PRIVATE ANCIENT COINS COLLECTION SOUTH FLORIDA ESTATE SALE ( Please, check out other ancient coins we have available for sale. We are offering 1000+ ancient coins collection) ALL COINS ARE GENUINE LIFETIME GUARANTEE AND PROFESSIONALLY ATTRIBUTED The attribution label is printed on archival museum quality paper An interesting bronze Judaean coin minted in Jerusalem under Herod Archelaus as Ethnarch of Judaea. Prow of galley on obverse and wreath on reverse. This coin comes with display case, stand and attribution label printed on museum quality paper attached as pictured. A great way to display an ancient coins collection. You are welcome to ask any questions prior buying or bidding. We can ship it anywhere within continental U.S. for a flat rate of 6.90$. It includes shipping, delivery confirmation and packaging material. Limited Time Offer: FREE SHIPPING (only within the continental U.S.)The residents of HI/AK/U.S. Territories and International bidders/buyers must contact us for the shipping quote before bidding/buying HEROD II ARCHELAUS In the Gospel of Matthew we read that God sent an angel to warn St Joseph not to go to Judea after the time in Egypt because Archelaus, the son of Herod, reigned there. What sort of person was Archelaus? Was he too someone to be feared like his father? Before King Herod died in 4 BC, he provided for three of his sons to be put in charge of different parts of his kingdom. Archelaus was to rule over Judea, Samaria and Idumea. This was half of his father’s kingdom. Archelaus was born in 23 BC, so when he assumed power he was only 19 years of age. He reigned for nine years, until 6 AD, when he was removed by Caesar Augustus. Archelaus was in fact not much different from his father. Shortly after assuming power he had to contend with the fact that his father King Herod, just before his death, had ordered the execution of two teachers and 40 youths who had removed the golden eagle Herod had erected over the entrance to the temple. Many considered the eagle to be a blasphemous symbol and so they had chopped it down with axes. King Herod had also ordered the killing of all male lineal descendants of his predecessors, the Hasmoneans. According to the account given by Jewish historian Flavius Josephus, when Archelaus began his reign, just before Passover in 4 BC, he ascended a golden throne, dressed in white and showed kindness to the people in Jerusalem in order to satisfy their desires for lower taxes and an end to the political imprisonment of Herod’s enemies. At some point the crowd began to call for the punishment of those who had ordered the death of the two teachers and the 40youths. They also demanded the replacement of the high priest appointed by King Herod with one of greater piety and purity. Archelaus acceded to these requests, although he became ever more angry with the presumptuousness of the crowd. He asked for moderation and told the people that all would be well if they would calm down and wait until Caesar Augustus confirmed him as king. He then went off to feast with his friends. HE ASKED FOR MODERATION AND TOLD THE PEOPLE THAT ALL WOULD BE WELL IF THEY WOULD CALM DOWN AND WAIT UNTIL CAESAR AUGUSTUS CONFIRMED HIM AS KING. HE THEN WENT OFF TO FEAST WITH HIS FRIENDS. It was evening and soon mourning and wailing for the teachers and youths began in the temple area, with the crowd becoming ever more threatening, recruiting others to their cause. Archelaus then sent a general, some others and finally a tribune in command of a cohort to convince the seditionists to stop their rioting and to wait until Archelaus could return from Rome with his mandate from Caesar Augustus. The crowd stoned those sent by Archelaus, killing many of them. Those who had done the stoning then returned to their sacrifices in the temple as if nothing had happened. It was now after midnight. Archelaus responded by sending his whole army to the temple, where they began killing all who confronted them. Josephus records the death toll as 3000. Archelaus then sent heralds throughout the city to announce the cancellation of Passover. Archelaus sailed to Rome to see Augustus but he was met there by a group who opposed him – his own family. Antipas, his younger brother, who had been removed from his father’s will a short time before, argued that Archelaus merely feigned grief for his father and that his actions, which resulted in the death of the 3000 in the temple, amounted to a threat to Caesar himself, since Archelaus had acted in every way like a king before he had been given that title by Caesar. ANTIPAS, HIS YOUNGER BROTHER … ARGUED THAT ARCHELAUS MERELY FEIGNED GRIEF FOR HIS FATHER AND THAT HIS ACTIONS, WHICH RESULTED IN THE DEATH OF THE 3000 IN THE TEMPLE, AMOUNTED TO A THREAT TO CAESAR HIMSELF At this point Nicolaus of Damascus, who had been Herod’s confidant for years, defended Archelaus before Caesar, arguing that Herod’s last will, which named Archelaus as king instead of his brother Antipas, should be considered valid. Archelaus then fell at Caesar’s feet and Caesar raised him up, declaring that he was worthy to succeed his father, and named him ethnarch over Judea and the other territories. When Archelaus later violated the law of Moses by marrying a woman whose husband was still alive, and he continued his cruelty, the Jews complained to Augustus, who deposed him in the 10th year of his reign and banished him to Gaul. In view of all this, it is understandable that God sent an angel to warn Joseph and Mary not to return to Judea, where Archelaus reigned. JUDAEA The Roman province of Judea, sometimes spelled in its original Latin forms of Iudæa or Iudaea to distinguish it from the geographical region of Judea, incorporated the regions of Judea, Samaria and Idumea, and extended over parts of the former regions of the Hasmonean and Herodian kingdoms of Judea. It was named after Herod Archelaus's Tetrarchy of Judea, but the Roman province encompassed a much larger territory. The name "Judea" was derived from the Kingdom of Judah of the 6th century BCE.According to the historian Josephus, immediately following the deposition of Herod Archelaus, Judea was turned into a Roman province, during which time the Roman procurator was given authority to punish by execution. The general population also began to be taxed by Rome. The province of Judea was the scene of unrest at its founding in 6 CE during the Census of Quirinius, the Crucifixion of Jesus circa 30–33 CE, and several wars, known as the Jewish–Roman wars, were fought during its existence. The Second Temple of Jerusalem was destroyed by the Romans in 70 CE near the end of the First Jewish–Roman War, and the Fiscus Judaicus was instituted. After the Bar Kokhba revolt (132–135), the Roman Emperor Hadrian changed the name of the province to Syria Palaestina and the name of the city of Jerusalem to Aelia Capitolina, which certain scholars conclude was an attempt to disconnect the Jewish people from their homeland. BackgroundThe first intervention of Rome in the region dates from 63 BCE, following the end of the Third Mithridatic War, when Rome established the province of Syria. After the defeat of Mithridates VI of Pontus, Pompey (Pompey the Great) sacked Jerusalem and installed Hasmonean prince Hyrcanus II as Ethnarch and High Priest but not as king. Some years later Julius Caesar appointed Antipater the Idumaean, also known as Antipas, as the first Roman Procurator. Antipater's son Herod (Herod the Great) was designated "King of the Jews" by the Roman Senate in 40 BCE but he did not gain military control until 37 BCE. During his reign the last representatives of the Hasmoneans were eliminated, and the huge port of Caesarea Maritima was built.Herod died in 4 BCE, and his kingdom was divided among three of his sons, two of whom (Philip and Herod Antipas) became tetrarchs ('rulers of a quarter part'). The third son, Archelaus, became an ethnarch and ruled over half of his father's kingdom. One of these principalities was Judea, corresponding to the territory of the historic Judea, plus Samaria and Idumea.Archelaus ruled Judea so badly that he was dismissed in 6 CE by the Roman emperor Augustus, after an appeal from his own population. Herod Antipas, ruler of Galilee and Perea from 4 BCE was in 39 CE dismissed by Emperor Caligula. Herod's son Philip ruled the northeastern part of his father's kingdom. Judea as Roman provincesIn 6 CE Archelaus' tetrachy (Judea, plus Samaria and Idumea) came under direct Roman administration. The Judean province did not initially include Galilee, Gaulanitis (today's Golan), nor Peraea or the Decapolis. Its revenue was of little importance to the Roman treasury, but it controlled the land and coastal sea routes to the "bread basket" of Egypt and was a buffer against the Parthian Empire. The capital was at Caesarea Maritima, not Jerusalem. Quirinius became Legate(Governor) of Syria and conducted the first Roman tax census of Syria and Judea, which was opposed by the Zealots. Judea was not a senatorial province, nor an imperial province, but instead was a "satellite of Syria" governed by a prefect who was a knight of the Equestrian Order (as was that of Roman Egypt), not a former consul or praetor of senatorial rank.Still, Jews living in the province maintained some form of independence and could judge offenders by their own laws, including capital offenses, until c. 28 CE. The Province during the late Hellenistic period and early Roman period was divided into five conclaves, or administrative districts: Jerusalem, Gadara, Amathus, Jericho and SepphorisThe 'Crisis under Caligula' (37–41) has been proposed as the first open break between Rome and the Jews.Between 41 and 44 CE, Judea regained its nominal autonomy, when Herod Agrippa was made King of the Jews by the emperor Claudius, thus in a sense restoring the Herodian dynasty, although there is no indication that Judea ceased to be a Roman province simply because it no longer had a prefect. Claudius had decided to allow, across the empire, procurators, who had been personal agents to the Emperor often serving as provincial tax and finance ministers, to be elevated to governing magistrates with full state authority to keep the peace. He may have elevated Judea's procurator to imperial governing status because the imperial legate of Syria was not sympathetic to the Judeans.Following Agrippa's death in 44, the province returned to direct Roman control, incorporating Agrippa's personal territories of Galilee and Peraea, under a row of procurators. Nevertheless, Agrippa's son, Agrippa II was designated King of the Jews 48. He was the seventh and last of the Herodians.From 70 until 135 Judea's rebelliousness required a governing Roman legate capable of commanding legions. Because Agrippa II maintained loyalty to the Empire, the Kingdom was retained until he died, either in 93/94 or 100, when the area returned to complete, undivided Roman control.Judaea was the stage of two, possibly three, major Jewish–Roman wars:66–70 CE– First Jewish–Roman War, resulting in the siege of Jerusalem, the destruction of Herod's Temple and ending with the siege of Masada in 73–74. (see Josephus). Before the war Judaea was a Roman province of the third category, that is, under the administration of a procurator of equestrian rank and under the overall control of the governor of Syria. After the war it became an independent Roman province with the official name of Judaea and under the administration of a governor of praetorian rank, and was therefore moved up into the second category (it was only later, in about 120 , that Judaea became a consular province, that is, with a governor of consular rank).115–117 – the Kitos War; Judea's role in it is disputed though, as it played itself out mainly in the Jewish diaspora and there are no fully trustworthy sources on Judea's participation in the rebellion, nor is there any archaeological way of distinguishing destruction levels of 117 CE from those of the major Bar Kokhba revolt of just a decade and a half later.Old Roman road in Judea (adjacent to regional hwy 375 in Israel)132–135 – Bar Kokhba's revolt; Following the suppression of Bar Kokhba's revolt, the emperor Hadrian changed the name of the province to Syria Palaestina and Jerusalem became Aelia Capitolina which Hayim Hillel Ben-Sasson states was done to erase the historical ties of the Jewish people to the region. However, this did not prevent the Jewish people from referring to the country in their writings as either "Yehudah" or "The Land of Israel" Under Diocletian (284–305) the region was divided into three provinces:Palaestina Prima (Judea, Samaria, Idumea, Peraea and the coastal plain, with Caesarea Maritima as capital)Palaestina Secunda (Galilee, Decapolis and Golan, with Beth-Shean as capital)Palaestina Tertia (the Negev desert, with Petra as capital). SHIPPING INFO: - The Shipping Charge is a flat rate and it includes postage, delivery confirmation, insurance up to the value (if specified), shipping box (from 0.99$ to 5.99$ depends on a size) and packaging material (bubble wrap, wrapping paper, foam if needed) - We can ship this item to all continental states. 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